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KMID : 1039920130200030343
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Neonatal Medicine
2013 Volume.20 No. 3 p.343 ~ p.353
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Therapeutic Application of Neural Stem Cells for Neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury
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Park Kook-In
Koo Kyo-Yeon
Jung Kwang-Soo
Kim Mi-Ri
Kim Il-Sun
Yun Seok-Hwan
Lee Il-Shin
Shin Jeong-Eun
Yu Ha-Yang
Eun Ho-Sun
Kim Jeong-Eun
Namgung Ran
Lee Chul
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Abstract
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Neural stem cells (NSCs) are characterized by a capacity for self-renewal, differentiation into multiple neural cell lineages, and migration toward damaged sites in the central nervous system (CNS). NSCs expanded in culture could be implanted into the brain where they integrate into host neural circuitry and stably express foreign genes. It hence appears that transplantation of NSCs has been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy in neurological disorders. During hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury, factors are transiently elaborated to which NSCs respond by migrating to degenerating regions and differentiating towards replacement of dying neural cells. In addition, NSCs serve as vehicles for gene delivery and appear capable of simultaneous neural cell replacement and gene therapy (e.g. with factors that might enhance neuronal differentiation, neurites outgrowth, proper connectivity, neuroprotection, and/or immunomodulatory substances). When combined with certain synthetic biomaterials, NSCs may be even more effective in ’engineering’ the damaged CNS towards reconstitution. Human NSCs were isolated from the forebrain of an aborted fetus at 13 weeks of gestation and were grown as neurospheres in cultures. After the characterization of human NSCs in preclinical testing and the approval of the IRB, a clinical trial of the transplantation of human NSCs into patients with severe perinatal HI brain injury has been performed. The existing data from these clinical trials have shown to be safe, well tolerated, and of neurologically-some benefits. Therefore, long-term and large scale multicenter clinical study is required to determine its precise therapeutic effect and safety.
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KEYWORD
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Neural stem cells, Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, Cell therapy
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